Elov Logo Elov Logo
Log ind

Indstillinger

AI-assistent

Vis tips
    • Cover and colophon (incl. Table of Contents in PDF version)
    • Foreword
  • Chapter I. Competition and Union law
    • 1. Laws regulating markets and competition law
    • 2. The structure of the Treaty
      • 2.1. Rules directed at the Member States
      • 2.2. Rules directed at undertakings
      • 2.3. Grey areas
    • 3. The regulation of competition in the internal market
      • 3.1. Secondary regulation
      • 3.2. Other sources than regulation
    • 4. Sources of information
  • Chapter II. Introduction to Article 101
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. Agreements, decisions and concerted practices
      • 2.1. Agreements
      • 2.2. Decisions by associations
      • 2.3. Concerted practice
    • 3. Between undertakings
      • 3.1. The definition of an ‘undertaking’
      • 3.2. The exercise of public authority and public undertakings
    • 4. The effect on trade in the EU
      • 4.1. The requirement for an effect on trade between Member States
      • 4.2. The international extent of Article 101
    • 5. Restriction on competition
      • 5.1. Workable competition
      • 5.2. ’Which have as their object or effect ...’
      • 5.3. The Commission’s De minimis Notice
      • 5.4. Rule of reason
      • 5.5. Ancillary restraints
    • 6. Possible exemptions under Article 101(3)
      • 6.1. Change to the notification procedure
      • 6.2. Individual exemptions – the four conditions
      • 6.3. Block exemptions
    • 7. The consequences of infringement
      • 7.1. Invalidity
      • 7.2. Remedies and commitments
      • 7.3. Fines and compensation
  • Chapter III. Vertical agreements
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. The competition law approach to vertical restraints – Article 101(1) TFEU and the block exemption regulations
      • 2.1. Article 101(1) TFEU
        • 2.1.1. Territorial protection – dividing up markets
        • 2.1.2. Prohibition of re-export with sales to third countries
        • 2.1.3. Fixed prices – Article 101(1)(a) TFEU
        • 2.1.4. Economic analysis?
        • 2.1.5. Further easing of restrictions?
      • 2.2. Block exemptions
    • 3. The concept of restriction of competition
    • 4. Special agreements that only exceptionally fall within the scope of Article 101(1) TFEU
      • 4.1. Agency agreements
      • 4.2. Franchising
      • 4.3. Selective distribution
        • 4.3.1. Qualitative or quantitative selective distribution systems
        • 4.3.2. Particular aspects of quantitative restrictions
      • 4.4. Commercial/economic considerations?
    • 5. Criticism of the block exemption regulations that have applied hitherto – the Commission’s response to criticism
      • 5.1. Green Paper on Vertical Restraints in EC Competition Policy
      • 5.2. Commission Regulation (EU) No 330/2010
      • 5.3. Agreements for specifically stated purposes – the Regulation’s hard-core restrictions
        • 5.3.1. Article 4(a) – Price discrimination and selective prices
        • 5.3.2. Article 4(b) – Sales restrictions
        • 5.3.2.1. Modifications
        • 5.3.2.2. Article 4 (c) and (d) Selective distribution – active and passive sales. Cross-supplies
        • 5.3.2.3. Article 4(e) Components
      • 5.4. Restrictions that fall outside the scope of the exemption
      • 5.5. Withdrawal of an exemption
        • 5.5.1. Article 29.1 of Regulation 1/2003 – the Commission’s withdrawal of exemption
        • 5.5.2. Withdrawal of exemption within the territory of an individual Member State
      • 5.6. The general inapplicability of block exemptions
    • 6. Conclusion
  • Chapter IV. Horizontal agreements
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. The assessment of horizontal agreements
      • 2.1. Actual and potential competitors
      • 2.2. The basic principles for evaluation under Article 101(1)
      • 2.3. Exemptions under Article 101(3)
    • 3. Pricing agreements and agreements on other trading conditions
      • 3.1. Agreements on purchasing or selling prices
      • 3.2. Agreements on other trading conditions
      • 3.3. Agreements on the exchange of information
    • 4. Agreements on production
      • 4.1. Specialisation agreements
      • 4.2. Agreements for the restructuring of a trade sector
      • 4.3. Agreements on common norms and technical standards
    • 5. Cooperation on research and development
    • 6. Cooperation on sales and marketing
    • 7. Joint ventures
      • 7.1. The special nature of joint ventures
      • 7.2. Restrictions on competition between joint venture partners
        • 7.2.1. Restriction on competition by the establishment of a joint venture
        • 7.2.2. ‘Spill-over effects’ on the market where the joint venture operates
        • 7.2.3. ‘Spill-over effects’ on other markets
      • 7.3. Restrictions on competition between the joint venture and the joint venture partners
      • 7.4. The effects on third party undertakings
      • 7.5. Networks of joint ventures
      • 7.6. Special provisions
      • 7.7. Exemptions and conditions
    • 8. Cooperatives
    • 9. Acquisition of minority shareholdings
  • Chapter V. Technology transfer agreements. Commission Regulation (EC) No 772/2004
    • 1. The EC Treaty and intellectual property rights
    • 2. Licence agreements and EU competition law
      • 2.1. The relationship to Article 101 TFEU
      • 2.2. The relationship to Article 102 TFEU
    • 3. Licence agreement in general
    • 4. Block exemptions – the development of the legal basis
    • 5. Regulation (EC) No 772/2004 – block exemptions for technology transfer agreements
      • 5.1. Agreements
        • 5.1.1. ‘Entered into between two undertakings’
        • 5.1.2. The concept of an ‘undertaking’
        • 5.1.3. ‘Transfer’ of technology
        • 5.1.4. The transferred technology
        • 5.1.5. Definition of the relevant market
        • 5.1.6. Competing and non-competing undertakings
        • 5.1.7. Reciprocal contra non-reciprocal agreements
        • 5.1.8. The duration of the block exemption
    • 6. Hardcore restrictions in respect of the block exemption Regulation
      • 6.1. Agreements between competitors
        • 6.1.1. Agreements on the pricing of the contract products
        • 6.1.2. Production restrictions
        • 6.1.3. The allocation of markets or customers (sales restrictions)
        • 6.1.3.1. The allocation of markets
        • 6.1.3.2. Sales restrictions (allocation of customers)
        • 6.1.3.3. Permitted restrictions pursuant to Article 4(1)(c)
        • 6.1.3.4. Exploitation of own technology etc.
      • 6.2. Agreements between non-competing undertakings
        • 6.2.1. Agreements on the pricing of contract products – Article 4(2)(a)
        • 6.2.2. Sales restrictions Article 4(2)(b)
        • 6.2.3. Permitted restrictions pursuant to Article 4(2)(b)
    • 7. Restrictions which fall outside the scope of the block exemption
      • 7.1. Article 5 of Regulation (EC) No 772/2004
      • 7.2. Article 5(1)
      • 7.3. Article 5(2)
    • 8. Withdrawal of the block exemption in individual cases
      • 8.1. Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 772/2004
      • 8.2. Article 6.2.
      • 8.3. Article 7
  • Chapter VI. Abuse of dominant position
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. The meaning of an undertaking
    • 3. Dominant position
      • 3.1. One or more undertakings – collective dominance
        • 3.1.1. Oligopolistic market structure
      • 3.2. Relevant factors for assessing market dominance
        • 3.2.1. Market share
        • 3.2.2. Other factors
      • 3.3. The relevant market
        • 3.3.1. The relevant product market
        • 3.3.2. The relevant geographic market
        • 3.3.3. The relevant temporal market
      • 3.4. A substantial part of the internal market
    • 4. Abuse
      • 4.1. Examples of abuse
        • 4.1.1. Article 102, second paragraph, sub-paragraph (a)
        • 4.1.2. Predatory pricing
        • 4.1.3. Article 102, second paragraph, sub-paragraph (b)
        • 4.1.4. Article 102, second paragraph, sub-paragraph (c)
        • 4.1.5. Article 102, second paragraph, sub-paragraph (d)
    • 5. The effect on trade
  • Chapter VII. Procedure and enforcement Regulation (EC) No 1/2003
    • 1. Introduction
      • 1.1. Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 – structure
      • 1.2. 2001 – the modernisation of the enforcement of Articles 101 and 102
    • 2. The relationship between Union competition law and national competition law
      • 2.1. Direct applicability
      • 2.2. The framing and application of national competition law in relation to Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty
    • 3. Allocation of competence, powers and uniformity
      • 3.1. The Commission’s competences
      • 3.2. The competences of the national competition authorities and courts
      • 3.3. Self-evaluation and decisions on inapplicability
    • 4. Powers of investigation
      • 4.1. The Commission’s powers of investigation
      • 4.2. The Commission’s inspections
        • 4.2.1. The Commission’s inspections of undertakings
        • 4.2.2. Inspections in private homes
      • 4.3. The powers of the Member States to carry out investigations
    • 5. The consequences of infringement
      • 5.1. Fines
      • 5.2. Damages
  • Chapter VIII. Merger control
    • 1. Introduction
      • 1.1. Introduction to the topic
      • 1.2. The sources of law
    • 2. Concentrations with an obligation to notify
      • 2.1. The concept of a concentration
      • 2.2. The definition of control
        • 2.2.1. Sole control
        • 2.2.2. Joint control
      • 2.3. Full-function joint ventures
      • 2.4. Community dimension
        • 2.4.1. Undertakings concerned
        • 2.4.2. Calculation of turnover
      • 2.5. Concentrations without a Community dimension
      • 2.6. The territorial scope of application of the MCR
    • 3. The relevant market
      • 3.1. The relevant product market
      • 3.2. The geographic market
    • 4. The substantial appraisal of concentrations
      • 4.1. From the dominance test to appraisal of whether effective competition would be significantly impeded
      • 4.2. The creation or strengthening of a dominant position
        • 4.2.1. Market share
        • 4.2.2. Other indications of market strength
        • 4.2.3. Actual and potential competitors
        • 4.2.4. The position on the demand side
      • 4.3. Collective dominance (coordinated effect)
      • 4.4. Non-coordinated oligopolies
      • 4.5. The positive effects of mergers
    • 5. Conditional approval
    • 6. Ancillary restraints
    • 7. Assessment of coordinated practice in joint ventures
    • 8. Merger control procedure
      • 8.1. The duty to notify
      • 8.2. The first phase of the merger control procedure
      • 8.3. The second phase of the merger control procedure
      • 8.4. The simplified procedure
  • Chapter IX. State aid
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. State aid procedure
      • 2.1. Existing State aid measures
      • 2.2. New aid measures
        • 2.2.1. Notifiable measures
      • 2.3. Unlawful aid measures
      • 2.4. The procedure for existing aid
      • 2.5. The procedure for notified aid
      • 2.6. The procedure for unlawful aid
        • 2.6.1. Interim legal measures
      • 2.7. Recovery of unlawful aid
      • 2.8. Interested parties
    • 3. The prohibition of State aid in Article 107(1) of the Treaty
      • 3.1. The concept of aid
      • 3.2. Aid granted by a Member State or through State resources
        • 3.2.1. The State and State resources
        • 3.2.2. European Union resources
        • 3.2.3. Private resources
        • 3.2.4. Aid provided on the basis of the legislation of a Member State
      • 3.3. Selectivity
        • 3.3.1. Undertakings and productions of goods
        • 3.3.2. General and selective measures
      • 3.4. Aid which distorts or threatens to distort competition, and which affects trade between Member States
        • 3.4.1. Aid which distorts or threatens to distort competition
        • 3.4.2. Aid that affects trade between Member States
        • 3.4.3. The de minimis rule
    • 4. Approval of State aid
      • 4.1. Aid for exports
      • 4.2. Operating aid
      • 4.3. Investment aid
      • 4.4. Possibilities for approval
        • 4.4.1. Article 107(2)
        • 4.4.2. Article 107(3)
        • 4.4.3. Article 108(2), third paragraph
  • Chapter X. Public undertakings
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. Presentation of the provisions
      • 2.1. Terminology
    • 3. The aims and structure of the provisions
      • 3.1. The application of Article 106 and Article 37
      • 3.2. Those to whom the provisions are addressed
      • 3.3. The application of Article 106
    • 4. Article 106(1)
      • 4.1. Concepts
        • 4.1.1. Special or exclusive rights
        • 4.1.2. The grant of a right
        • 4.1.3. Undertaking
        • 4.1.4. Public undertaking
      • 4.2. The application of Article 106
        • 4.2.1. The demand doctrine
        • 4.2.2. Cross-subsidising
        • 4.2.3. Expansion of the exclusive right
        • 4.2.4. Essential facilities
        • 4.2.5. Other infringements
    • 5. Article 106(2)
      • 5.1. Services of general economic interest
      • 5.2. Entrusted with the operation of services
      • 5.3. The exception in Article 106(2)
        • 5.3.1. Conditions for exceptions
        • 5.3.2. Special financial circumstances
    • 6. Article 106(3)
      • 6.1. The adoption of directives and decisions
      • 6.2. The Directive on the transparency of relations between Member States and public undertakings
    • 7. State monopolies of a commercial character
      • 7.1. Article 37 – aim and function
        • 7.1.1. Article 37 – in brief
      • 7.2. Important concepts
        • 7.2.1. State monopolies of a commercial character
        • 7.2.1.1. State
        • 7.2.1.2. Commercial character
        • 7.2.1.3. Monopoly
        • 7.2.3. The concept of appreciability
        • 7.2.2. Adjusting the monopoly
      • 7.3. Measures which conflict with Article 37
        • 7.3.1. General
        • 7.3.2. Discrimination
        • 7.3.2.1. The concept of discrimination in EU law
        • 7.3.2.2. Discrimination by a Member State
        • 7.3.2.3. Discrimination by a monopoly
        • 7.3.2. Article 37(2)
        • 7.3.3. Observations on Article 37(3)
      • 7.4. Exceptions to Article 37
      • 7.5. The relationship between Article 37 and the other provisions of the Treaty
        • 7.5.1. The relationship between Article 34 and State monopolies of a commercial character
        • 7.5.2. The relationship to the other Treaty provisions
    • 8. Other regulation
      • 8.1. International regulation
  • Chapter XI. The liberalised sectors
    • 1. General cross-sectoral considerations
      • 1.1. Which sectors are dealt with?
      • 1.2. Facilities of special significance
      • 1.3. The regulatory background
      • 1.4. Regulating the liberalised sectors
        • 1.4.1. Exclusivity
        • 1.4.2. Cross subsidisation
        • 1.4.2.1. From monopoly to market
        • 1.4.2.2. Joint production
        • 1.4.3. Division between undertakings subject to competition and monopoly undertakings etc.
        • 1.4.4. Access to networks
        • 1.4.4.1. Direct lines
        • 1.4.4.2. Transit
        • 1.4.4.3. Expansion of capacity
        • 1.4.5. Management of networks
        • 1.4.5.1. Unbundling
        • 1.4.5.2. Authorities
        • 1.4.6. Public obligations
        • 1.4.6.1. Obligations to supply
        • 1.4.6.2. Exclusivity and the obligation to supply
        • 1.4.6.3. Financial compensation
        • 1.4.6.4. Price regulation
        • 1.4.7. Authorisations
        • 1.4.8. Transparency
        • 1.4.9. The cross-border provision of services
        • 1.4.10. Public authorities
        • 1.4.11. Authority at the EU level
        • 1.4.12. Reciprocity
    • 2. Energy
      • 2.1. Electricity supply
        • 2.1.1. EU regulation
        • 2.1.1.1. The Electricity Directive
        • 2.1.1.2. The application of the general competition rules
        • 2.1.2. Authorisation procedures
        • 2.1.2.1. Electricity generation
        • 2.1.2.2. Network supervisor
        • 2.1.3. Access to networks
        • 2.1.3.1. Procedures for system access
        • 2.1.3.2. Direct lines
        • 2.1.3.3. Cross-border connections
        • 2.1.3.4. Transit
        • 2.1.4. Public service obligations
        • 2.1.5. Technical harmonisation
        • 2.1.6. Transparency
        • 2.1.7. Public authorities
      • 2.2. Natural gas
        • 2.2.1. Regulation under EU law
        • 2.2.1.1. The Natural Gas Directive
        • 2.2.1.2. Application of the general competition rules
        • 2.2.2. Authorisation procedures
        • 2.2.2.1. Network management
        • 2.2.2.2. Unbundling
        • 2.2.3. Access to networks
        • 2.2.3.1. Network access procedures
        • 2.2.3.2. Direct lines
        • 2.2.3.3. Transit
        • 2.2.4. Public service obligations
        • 2.2.5. Technical harmonisation
        • 2.2.6. Transparency
        • 2.2.7. Public authorities
    • 3. Transport
      • 3.1. Air transport
        • 3.1.1. EU regulation
        • 3.1.1.1. The application of the general competition rules
        • 3.1.1.2. Bilateral agreements
        • 3.1.1.3. Pricing regulation
        • 3.1.2. Authorisation procedures
        • 3.1.3. Network access
        • 3.1.4. Public obligations
        • 3.1.5. Technical standards
        • 3.1.6. Safety
        • 3.1.7. Transparency
        • 3.1.8. Public authorities
      • 3.2. Railways
        • 3.2.1. EU regulation
        • 3.2.1.1. The application of the general competition rules
        • 3.2.1.2. Pricing
        • 3.2.2. Authorisation procedures
        • 3.2.2.1. Unbundling
        • 3.2.2.2. Independence between the State and railway undertakings
        • 3.2.3. Access to networks
        • 3.2.3.1. Access to other than the track
        • 3.2.3.2. Pricing
        • 3.2.3.3. Transit
        • 3.2.4. Public service obligations
        • 3.2.5. Technical harmonisation
        • 3.2.6. Transparency
        • 3.2.7. Public authorities
    • 4. Communication
      • 4.1. Telecommunications
        • 4.1.1. EU regulation
        • 4.1.1.1. The application of the general competition rules
        • 4.1.2. Authorisation procedures
        • 4.1.2.1. Telephone numbers and radio frequencies
        • 4.1.2.2. Unbundling
        • 4.1.3. Access to networks
        • 4.1.3.1. The Access Directive
        • 4.1.3.2. The general competition rules
        • 4.1.3.3. Price controls
        • 4.1.4. Public service obligations
        • 4.1.5. Technical harmonisation
        • 4.1.6. Public authorities
      • 4.2. Postal services
        • 4.2.1. Regulation under EU law
        • 4.2.1.1. The application of the general competition rules
        • 4.2.1.2. Unbundling
        • 4.2.2. Authorisation procedures
        • 4.2.3. Access to networks
        • 4.2.4. Public service obligations
        • 4.2.4.1. Pricing regulations
        • 4.2.4.2. Exclusive rights
        • 4.2.4.3. Financial compensation
        • 4.2.5. Public authorities
  • Chapter XII. Public procurement
    • 1. Introduction
      • 1.1. History and background
      • 1.2. The aim
      • 1.3. Description of the tendering procedure
    • 2. The obligation to invite offers
      • 2.1. Exhouse contracting
      • 2.2. Threshold values
    • 3. Contracting authorities
      • 3.1. Specific points on the Directive 2004/17/EC
    • 4. Preparation of the contract notice
      • 4.1. General
      • 4.2. Specification of the object of the contract
      • 4.3. Publication
        • 4.3.1. Requirements for publication
      • 4.4. Determination of the type of task
      • 4.5. Documentation for contract notices
      • 4.6. Electronic contract notices
      • 4.7. Deadlines
    • 5. Types of contract
      • 5.1. Framework agreements
      • 5.2. Concession contracts
    • 6. Forms of public procurement procedures
    • 7. Selection and award
      • 7.1. Selection of candidates – procedures and criteria
      • 7.2. Award of the contract – procedures and criteria
        • 7.2.1. Abnormally low tenders
      • 7.3. Selection or award
      • 7.4. Non-financial criteria
    • 8. Exceptions
      • 8.1. General
      • 8.2. The defence exception
      • 8.3. Negotiated procedures
      • 8.4. Accelerated procedure
      • 8.5. Special provisions on the provision of services
        • 8.5.1. The distinction between A and B services
        • 8.5.2. The exclusive right exception
        • 8.5.2.1. Conditions
    • 9. General principles
      • 9.1. The principle of equal treatment
        • 9.1.1. The prohibition on negotiation
        • 9.1.1.1. Fundamental aspects
        • 9.1.1.2. Price
        • 9.1.1.3. Clarification or negotiation
        • 9.1.1.4. Permitted negotiations
        • 9.1.1.5. The scope for making corrections
        • 9.1.2. Reservations
        • 9.1.2.1. Variant tenders
        • 9.1.3. Technical dialogue
        • 9.1.4. Cancellation
      • 9.2. The transparency principle
      • 9.3. Other principles
    • 10. Procurement and the competition rules
      • 10.1. Procurement and the competition rules
      • 10.2. Procurement and the State aid rules
    • 11. Enforcement
      • 11.1. General
      • 11.2. Damages
    • 12. Other rules on public procurement
      • 12.1. General
      • 12.2. WTO rules: The Government Procurement Agreement
  • Numbering of TFEU before and after the Amsterdam and Lisbon Treaties
  • Table of Cases
  • Table of Commission Decisions
  • Index

AI Chat

Log ind for at bruge vores AI Chat.

Log ind

Regulating Competition in the EU (2nd ed.)

Af Bent Iversen , Pernille Wegener Jessen , Bent Ole Gram Mortensen , Michael Steinicke og Karsten Engsig Sørensen

Cover til: Regulating Competition in the EU (2nd ed.)

2. udgave

2. oktober 2012

  • e-ISBN: 9788757495447
  • p-ISBN: 9788757426625
  • Antal sider: 784
  • Bogtype: Lærebog

Emner

  • EU-ret,
  • Konkurrenceret

”Regulating competition in the EU” is a complete edition themewise in English that includes most areas of which, the lawyer who deals with competition law will meet. The book illustrates the traditional parts of competition law and describes other judicial phenomena that plays a crucial role in the behaviour of companies and public authorities on the market. It uses a broader focus than traditional works of competition law. Quite uniquely, every chapter in this book can be read separately and thus it can be used as an encyclopedia and tool. The authors supplies with rich and relevant examples that guides the reader to a better understanding of the many laws, that forms the competition law in EU.

  • Bøger
  • / Cover af Regulating Competition in the EU Regulating Competition in the EU
  • / 2. udg. 2012

Regulating Competition in the EU (2nd ed.)

2. udgave - 2. oktober 2012

Af Bent Iversen , Pernille Wegener Jessen , Bent Ole Gram Mortensen , Michael Steinicke og Karsten Engsig Sørensen

Kommer snart i abonnementet Jurabibliotek Litteratur

Tak for din interesse for Regulating Competition in the EU (2<sup>nd</sup> ed.).
Vi arbejder hårdt på at få den klar så snart som muligt.